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\medskip
\centerline {\Large \bf PROJECT SUMMARY }
\bigskip
\centerline {\large \bf Pre-HEAT:  First Submillimeter Site Testing \&
  Astronomical Spectra from Dome A} 

\vspace{0.5cm}

We propose to construct \preheat, a 450~\micron\ tipping radiometer and
digital FFT spectrometer to be installed at Dome~A, the summit of the Antarctic
ice plateau.  Dome A is receiving international acclaim as the best
site for ground based THz astronomy
in the world, on the basis of the exceptionally cold, dry and stable
conditions which prevail there. 

An exciting and timely opportunity has arisen that allows us to 
perform important, pathfinding research {\it immediately} at Dome~A.
Our Chinese and Australian partners will be installing the first base Plateau
Observatory (PLATO) on Dome~A this coming Austral summer (2007-8). They have given us
the opportunity to field a submillimeter radiometer as part of this expedition.
This instrument, \preheat, is a 450~\micron\ (660~GHz)
tipping radiometer coupled with a digital FFT spectrometer.  
The goals of \preheat\ are to (1) Measure the
submillimeter sky opacity as a quantitative demonstration of the
exceptional conditions of Dome~A, (2) Perform strip maps of the
Galactic Plane in the $^{13}$CO J=6-5 line at 661~GHz, constituting the first
astrophysical measurements from Dome~A, and (3) Field-test many of the
key technologies for a successor mission, entitled \HEAT, the High
Elevation Antarctic (Terahertz) Telescope, to be deployed in 2008-9
pending funding from NSF/MRI.   \preheat\ will pioneer new capabilities for ground-based
astronomy and is an opportunity for the US to play a major role in a 
landmark International Polar Year (IPY) project.  

\section*{What is the intellectual merit of the proposed activity?}

\preheat\ and its successor, \HEAT\ (the High Elevation Antarctic Terahertz Telescope) will
forge entirely new capabilities for ground based infrared and submillimeter
astronomy which otherwise would be 
unachievable except via expensive airborne or space-based platforms.  \preheat\ represents 
a new generation of polar instrumentation that permits the excellent 
conditions available from remote sites like Dome A to be harnessed without the costs 
and hazards associated with manned operations. 
In addition to
quantifying the transmission characteristics of the atmosphere over
Dome~A, \preheat\ will
establish the first large-scale submillimeter map of the Galactic
Plane in $^{13}$CO~J=6-5 which will help answer timely and 
fundamental questions about the evolution
of the interstellar medium and star formation.  It will significantly
enhance the interpretation of previous millimeter wave surveys of
comparable quality, and will complement the THz surveys to be
later performed by \HEAT.   If \HEAT\ is deployed, \preheat\ will
continue to operate as a tipping radiometer to provide
simultaneous cross-calibration of \HEAT's Terahertz spectrometers. 


\section*{What are the broader impacts of the proposed activity?}

\preheat\ is a pioneering mission which will pave the way for all
future far-infrared astronomical
investigations from Dome~A.  It will map
the Southern Galactic Plane in the spectral light of $^{13}$CO~J=6-5,
a key measure of the warm, dense gas that participates in star
formation and stellar-interstellar feedback.  Definitive and comprehensive science 
products from the survey and its many synergistic 
collaborations will be made available to the astronomical 
community via the Web in a timely manner.  These products
will enhance the value of
numerous contemporary surveys.  Beneficiaries include the
GLIMPSE Legacy
program from the Spitzer Space Telescope, IRAS, the CfA/Columbia
CO~J=1-0 surveys of the Galactic Plane, the most recent HI and CO
surveys of the Galactic Plane, and the 2MASS infrared sky survey.
\preheat\ will serve both as a scientific and technological pathfinder for 
future suborbital and space-based missions. 
Finally, the design and fabrication of \preheat\ will be an interdisciplinary
team effort involving students from astronomy and optical
sciences.  Astronomical instrumentation is
becoming ever more complex, requiring the talents of many individuals
to bring them to fruition.  Providing students with both technical 
training and team-work experience increases their probability of 
of success not only within astronomy, but society as a whole. 

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